Built-in Traits: Shared Capabilities

A trait is an interface defining shared behaviors that types can implement. Rust supplies built-in traits that can be derived automatically using the #[derive(...)] attribute helper.

Crucial Standard Traits

• Clone: Explicit deep-copy allocation for heap structures.
• Copy: Bitwise stack-copy markers for small stack values (like numbers or simple markers). When copied, ownership does not move.
• Debug: Enables printing the structure for development debugging via the {:?} syntax.

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
struct KeyProfile {
    id: u32,
}

let p1 = KeyProfile { id: 10 };
let p2 = p1; // Since it derives Copy, p1 remains valid!
println!("Registered profile: {:?}", p2); // Prints structure details